Diesel engine



K. HAAGE DIESEL ENGINE Dec. 13, 1938.

Filed Dec. 7, 1935 .ln mm for Patented Dec. 13, 1938 DIESEL ENGINEKonrad Henge,- Esslingen-on-the-Neckar, Germany; assignor to "DelmagDeutaohe Elektromaschinen & Motor-en-Bau-Aktiengesellschaft,Esslingemon-the-Neckar, Germany Application December '1, 1935, SerialNo. 53,337 In Germany December 11, 1934 Claims.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines and more especiallyto two stroke cycle engines operating on the Diesel principle, in whichcombustion of the mixture of fuel and air 5 is brought about by the heatof compression.

My invention has particular reference to two stroke cycle Diesel enginesoperated with a comparatively long working stroke and it is one of theobjects of this invention to provide means whereby the scavenging andthe charging of the cylinder with fresh air can be obtained in aparticularly simple and efflcient manner. 1

In the Diesel engines hitherto designed the supply of fresh air forscavenging the cylinder after each combustion and for supplying thenecessary air for combustion of the fuel has always been effected bymeans of positively controlled inflow or outflow ports which have eitherbeen valves or slots controlled by the piston or otherwise, such valvesor slots having been provided in these engines besides the exhaustslots..

According to the present invention I altogether avoid the provision ofseparately controlled inflow ports by simply utilizing for the supply offresh air the exhaust ports which are alternately uncovered and closedin a well known manner by the working piston. In this manner the designof an engine of this kind is greatly simplified and the security ofworking nevertheless increased.

In the drawing ailixed to this specification and forming part thereof anengine embodying my invention is illustrated diagrammatically by way ofexample.

In the drawing,

Fig. 1 is an axial section of the working cylinder of the engine withthe piston, which is partly shown in elevation, in its upper dead centreposition;

Fig. 2 is a similar view illustrating the posi-' tion of the cylinderafter it has'uncovered the inflow ports for the inflow of fresh air.

Fig. 3 is a cross section on the line A--B in Fig. 2;

Figs. 4 and 5 are similar cross sections of two further modifications ofmy invention.

Referring to the drawing and first to Figs. 1 to 3, in which the newengine is shown as applied to a power ram, 0. is the piston, the bottomend of which is supported by the pile b to be driven, while the cylinder0, which forms the ram proper, is the part which carries out the workingstroke to thereafter drop down and hitthe pile b or the pile extension emounted thereon.

d is the piston rod which is fixed in the pile extension e by the bottomend I of the piston rod being conically enlarged and seated in a conicalboring of the pile extension e, a threaded ring 9 being screwed into thebottom end of the pile extension e to force the end I of the piston rodinto its conical seat.

A cavity h in the pile extension e serving as a fuel reservoir isconnected by means of a conduit 1' with a fuel pump it, the piston rod mof which extends into the way of the nose 1!, provided near the bottomend of the cylinder 0. Whenever the piston rod m is depressed by thenose n, fuel is forced by the pump k into the pipe 0, which extendsthrough a lining p in the axial boring q of the piston rod d and throughthe piston a, so that the fuel forced into the pipe 0 will be conveyedto and injected into the combustion chamber r and the cylinder 0.

Fig. 1 illustrates the positionof the parts at the moment when fuel isinjected into the cylinder and ignited by the heat of compression of the-body of air enclosed between the piston a and the bottom of thecylinder.

The pressure of exthrough these ports.

However since, owing to the mass inertia, the cylinder continues itsascending stroke, the exhaust of the combustion gases is followed by asuction action, whereby air is now sucked in through the ports 8. Asindicated by the arrows in Figs. 2 and 3, since the ports 8 extend inoblique direction towards the cylinder bottom, the bulk of the fresh airwill flow upwardly towards the bottom of the cylinder.

The combustion gases,

which are still left in the cylinder, have collected close to the pistona or are exposed to the sucking action exerted by it.

In this manner a mixture containing a sumcient percentage of freshair'is obtained in the cylinder above the ports a.

When the cylinder 0, after having executed its full stroke; starts onits return stroke, the exhaust gases above the piston a are expelled forthe greater part through the ports s until these ports are closed by thepiston. The mixture of gas and air in the chamber above the ports is nowcompressed, until the cylinder has reached the position shown in Fig. 1,when the mixture of air and fuel is ignited by t sion.

he heat of compres- Instead of four radially arranged ports as shown inFig. 3 I may also form the cylinder with three ports which may bearranged as shown in Fig.4with their middle axes intersecting at a pointlocated eccentrically to the cylinder axis. In this manner I obtain theformation of eddies in the cylinder which is favorable as far as thescavenging of the cylinder and the refilling with a mixture rich infresh air is concerned.

If, as shown in Fig. 5, the ports extend substantially in tangentialdirection into the cavity of the cylinder and if they are given the formof suitably configurated guide channels, it-is possible to obtain ahelical upward movement of the air entering the cylinder along the innerwall, while the gases of combustion flow downwardly in the central zoneof the cylinder cavity, being thus enabled to follow the piston a. Thisarrangement has been found to be particularly suitable.

Obviously the present invention is not only applicable to Diesel enginesin which, as in the power ram shown by way of example, the cylinderexecutes the working stroke, but also to engines in which the pistonreciprocates as usual relative to the cylinder.

I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to theexact details of construction shown and described for obviousmodifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

I claim:-

1. A two stroke cycle Diesel engine comprising in combination a cylinderand a piston arranged therein for relative reciprocation, one

- series of ports provided in said cylinder both for the exhaust of thecombustion gases and for the inflow of fresh air, said piston beingadapted to control said ports and to perform an additional suctionstroke at a value corresponding to the amount of fresh air required.

2. A two stroke cycle Diesel engine comprising in combination a cylinderand a piston arranged therein for relative reciprocation, one, series ofports provided in said cylinder both for the exhaust of the combustongases and for the inflow of fresh air, said piston being adapted tocontrol said ports and to perform an additional suction stroke at avalue corresponding to the amount of fresh air required, said portsextending in a direction inclined towards the cylinder bottom.

3. A two stroke cycle Diesel engine comprising in combination a cylinderand a piston arranged therein for relative reciprocation, one series ofports provided in said cylinder both for the exhaust of the combustiongases and for the inflow of fresh air, said piston being adapted tocontrol said ports and to perform an additional suction stroke at avalue corresponding to the amount of fresh air required, said portsbeing radially arranged so as to cause the air currents entering throughthe same into the cylinder to intersect at pointed angles.

4. A two stroke cycleDiesel engine comprisin in combination a cylinderand a piston arranged therein for relative reciprocation, one series ofports provided in said cylinder both for the exhaust of the combustiongases and for the inflow of fresh air, said piston being adapted tocontrol said ports and to perform an additional suction stroke at avalue corresponding to the amount of fresh air required, said portsbeing arranged so as to cause the air currents entering the cylinder tomeet at points within said cylinder which are located eccentrically tothe cylinder axis.

5. A two stroke cycle Diesel engine comprising in combination a cylinderand a piston-arranged therein for relative reciprocation, one series ofports provided in said cylinder both for the exhaust of the combustiongases and for the inflow of fresh air, said piston being adapted tocontrol said ports and to perform an additional suction stroke at avalue corresponding to the amount of fresh air required, said portsextending substantially in tangential direction to the inner surface ofsaid cylinder KONRAD HAAGE.

